Up Up Up and Down Again
| "The Grand Old Duke of York" | |
|---|---|
| Nursery rhyme | |
| Published | 1642 |
| Songwriter(southward) | unknown |
"The Grand Onetime Knuckles of York" (also sung as The Noble Knuckles of York) is an English children's plant nursery rhyme, oft performed as an action song. The eponymous duke has been argued to be a number of the bearers of that title, peculiarly Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany (1763–1827) and its lyrics have become proverbial for futile action. It has a Roud Folk Vocal Alphabetize number of 742.
Words [edit]
Statue of Frederick, Knuckles of York, in Waterloo Place, Westminster, London
A modern version is:
Oh, the thousand old Duke of York,
He had ten thousand men;
He marched them upward to the top of the hill,
And he marched them down once again.When they were up, they were up,
And when they were down, they were down,
And when they were but halfway up,
They were neither up nor downwards.[i]
Origins [edit]
Richard Tarlton in the 1580s with his pipe and tabor
Like many popular plant nursery rhymes the origins of the song have been much debated and remain unclear. Unusually the rhyme clearly refers to an historical person and debates have tended to circulate around identifying which Duke is existence referred to in the lyrics.[1] The lyrics were not printed in their modern form until relatively recently, in Arthur Rackham's Female parent Goose in 1913.[ii] Prior to that a number of alternatives accept been plant including a note that in Warwickshire in 1892 the vocal was sung of both the Duke of York and the Rex of France; from 1894 that it was sung of Napoleon.[1] The oldest version of the song that survives is from 1642, under the title 'Former Tarlton's song', attributed to the stage clown Richard Tarlton (1530–1588) with the lyrics:
The King of French republic with forty thousand men,
Came up a loma and and so came downe againe.[iii]
As a issue, the argument has been made that information technology may have been a common satirical verse that was adapted as appropriate and, because it was recorded in roughly the modern form, has become stock-still on the Duke of York.[1] Candidates for the knuckles in question include:
- Richard, Duke of York (1411–1460), who was defeated at the Battle of Wakefield on xxx Dec 1460. Richard'due south army, some 8,000 strong, was awaiting reinforcements at Sandal Castle in Wakefield (the castle was built on pinnacle of a Norman motte). He was surrounded by Lancastrian forces some three times that number, but chose to emerge forth to fight. Richard died in a pitched battle at Wakefield Green, together with between ane third and one half of his army.[iv]
- James Ii (1633–1701), formerly Duke of York, who in 1688 marched his troops to Salisbury Patently to resist the invasion from his son-in-police force William of Orange, only to retreat and disperse them equally his support began to evaporate.[five]
- The most common attribution is to Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany (1763–1827), the second son of King George III and Commander-in-Master of the British Army during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.[1] His most meaning field command was during the Flemish region Campaign of 1793–94. Despite the British troops having some success confronting the French, in the summertime of 1794 the Knuckles was obliged to retreat into the Netherlands and he was subsequently recalled to England.[six] Flanders having something of a reputation for being flat, the specific location of the "hill" in the nursery rhyme has been suggested to exist the town of Cassel which is built on a hill which rises 176 metres (nearly 570 feet) above the apartment lands of French Flemish region in northern France.[1] Apart from the ducal title in the vocal and the events of their lives in that location is no external show to link the rhyme to any of these candidates.
Song [edit]
"The Thou Old Knuckles of York" is likewise sung to the tune of "A-Hunting We Volition Become".[7]
Dutch version [edit]
A Dutch adaptation of the song replaces the Duke of York with Maurice, Prince of Orange (1567–1625), whose practice of training mercenaries (completely new, and mocked at starting time) became famous post-obit his success in war. It is not known when the British vocal crossed the N Sea, just nowadays it is well-known within the Dutch scouting motion.[8]
| De held prins Maurits kwam | The hero Prince Maurice came |
References [edit]
- ^ a b c d due east f I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Lexicon of Plant nursery Rhymes (Oxford University Printing, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), pp. 442–443.
- ^ E. Knowles, Oxford Dictionary of Quotations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1941, 6th edn., 2004).
- ^ J. Orchard Halliwell-Phillipps and Henry Chettle, eds, Tarlton's Jests: And News Out of Purgatory (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1844), p. xxix.
- ^ J. Swinnerton, The History of Britain Companion (Robson, 2005), p. 149.
- ^ C. Roberts, Heavy words lightly thrown: the reason behind the rhyme (Granta, 2004), p. 44.
- ^ J. Black, Britain equally a armed services power, 1688–1815 (London: Routledge, 1999), p. 195.
- ^ Cub Picket Songbook. Male child Scouts of America. 1955.
- ^ "De held prins Maurits". Scouting Marca Appoldro. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Old_Duke_of_York
0 Response to "Up Up Up and Down Again"
Postar um comentário